Prediabetes:
Prediabetes is a condition that individuals develop before developing type 2 diabetes, they almost always have "prediabetes"—blood glucose levels that are higher than normal, but not yet high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes.
An estimated 79 million people in the United States have prediabetes. Recent research has shown that some long-term damage to the body, especially the heart and circulatory system, may already be occurring during prediabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes develops when the body's immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells, the only cells in the body that make the hormone insulin that regulates blood glucose. To survive, people with Type 1 diabetes must have insulin delivered by injection or pump. This form of diabetes usually strikes children and young adults, although disease onset can occur at any age. In adults, Type 1 diabetes accounts for nearly 5-10% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes.
Risk factors for Type 1 diabetes may be autoimmune, genetic, or environmental. There is no known way to prevent Type 1 diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes:
Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90-95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. It usually begins as insulin resistance, a disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. As the need for insulin rises, the pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce it. Type 2 diabetes is associated with older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race/ethnicity. Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, although still rare, is being diagnosed more frequently among American Indians, African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, and Asians/Pacific Islanders.